Linear movement
ΔL = α × L₀ × ΔT
Use a consistent linear unit for L₀ and ΔL.
Existing engineering calculator
Thermal Expansion Calculator
Calculate free linear expansion or contraction from length, temperature change and selected material coefficient.
Calculator inputs and result
Enter original length and temperature change, then choose a material. A negative temperature change reports contraction.
Engineering knowledge
Free thermal movement of a straight component
Most engineering materials expand when heated and contract when cooled. The free movement is proportional to original length, temperature change and the material’s linear expansion coefficient.
Related calculation knowledge
Restrained thermal movement can produce stress; a free-expansion result does not quantify that stress.
Read the thermal expansion guide →Formula and inputs
Heating
ΔT > 0
A positive temperature change gives positive free expansion.
Cooling
ΔT < 0
A negative temperature change gives contraction.
Assumptions and limitations
- The component is free to move in one linear direction.
- The coefficient is treated as constant over the stated temperature range.
- Anchors, guides, restraints, creep and thermal stress are excluded.
Frequently asked questions
Can I use a negative temperature change?
Yes. The calculator shows a negative dimensional movement for cooling.
Does this calculate expansion stress?
No. A restrained-system stress analysis requires material elastic properties and boundary conditions.
Engineering disclaimer
Educational and preliminary engineering-reference use only.Verify temperature range, restraints, material data and applicable standards before design or construction use.