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Existing engineering calculator

Silo & Bunker Sizing Calculator

Estimate circular silo or rectangular bunker storage volume, hopper volume and effective capacity.

Interface and knowledge module updated: 28 August 2026

Technical illustration of an elevated circular steel silo and a fabricated steel bunker with steel support frames

Calculator inputs and result

Select a storage type and enter the existing calculator inputs in millimetres and degrees.

Circular silo inputs

INTERNAL DIAMETER DSHELL HEIGHT HOUTLET DIAMETER dα FROM HORIZONTAL
Circular silo input geometry. Cone angle α is measured from horizontal; hopper height is based on (D − d) / 2.

A preset fills the existing angle-of-repose input. Confirm the actual material value for moisture, particle size and handling conditions.

Engineering knowledge

Storage geometry and usable bulk-material capacity

Geometric volume is the enclosed space in a silo or bunker. Usable capacity can be lower because of material slopes, discharge geometry, operating level limits and the properties of the stored bulk solid.

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Related calculation knowledge

Check material bulk density, flow properties, outlet design and live storage requirements alongside volume.

Explore bulk-material handling →

What the calculator reports

Circular shell

V = πR²H

Volume of the cylindrical section.

Conical-frustum hopper

h = (R − r) tan α

Angle α is measured from horizontal. Hopper volume is V = πh(R² + Rr + r²) / 3.

Rectangular bunker

V = L × W × H

The existing model adds the simplified hopper volume separately.

Assumptions and limitations

  • This calculator is for preliminary geometric capacity checks only.
  • It does not verify wall loads, hopper stresses, feeder capacity, bridging, ratholing or discharge reliability.
  • Use representative bulk density and specialist solids-flow design methods for project decisions.

Frequently asked questions

Is water volume the same as material storage mass?

No. Multiply a usable volume by the material bulk density only after considering moisture, compaction and operational freeboard.

Why can effective capacity be lower?

A material heap and the required operating freeboard occupy space that cannot normally be treated as working storage.

Engineering disclaimer

Educational and preliminary engineering-reference use only.Verify material behaviour, design loads, geometry and applicable standards before equipment design or procurement.